Hardware
Shahrbanoo Zangaraki; S. Hossein Erfani; Amir Sahafi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) serves as a fundamental communication model, enabling objects to deliver data and services to users. With the rapid expansion of IoT, ensuring privacy and preventing the disclosure of sensitive data during message exchanges between objects has become ...
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Background and Objectives: The Internet of Things (IoT) serves as a fundamental communication model, enabling objects to deliver data and services to users. With the rapid expansion of IoT, ensuring privacy and preventing the disclosure of sensitive data during message exchanges between objects has become increasingly challenging. This paper presents an attribute-based framework designed to enhance privacy protection in IoT environments by leveraging software-defined networking (SDN) technology.Methods: By leveraging the SDN and the Attribute-Based Privacy Preserving (ABPP) model, our proposed framework employs an advanced algorithm to enhance privacy for client requests accessing IoT services. It focuses on protecting sensitive information during message transmission by implementing techniques for anonymity, unlinkability, and untraceability, tailored to the sensitivity level of each message. To further enhance message privacy within the IoT network, our framework incorporates IP aliasing, dynamic channel switching, and payload encryption.Results: Our proposed framework significantly enhances privacy protection in IoT networks by dynamically applying anonymity and concealment techniques tailored to the sensitivity of CoAP messages. Simulation results using CloudSimSDN confirm the framework's effectiveness in safeguarding sensitive information while maintaining optimal communication performance. Employing three privacy-preserving techniques results in an average CPU utilization that is 0.14 units higher compared to using a single technique. We provide a security evaluation that includes formal verification techniques and informal analysis, and show that the proposed framework is secure against anonymity and MITM attacks, replay attacks, Sybil, and IP spoofing.Conclusion: In this paper, we present a four-layer SDN-based framework designed to enhance privacy in IoT networks through the use of the Attribute-Based Privacy Preserving (ABPP) model. The framework employs IP aliasing, dynamic routing, and content encryption techniques tailored to the sensitivity of CoAP messages to ensure data protection. Our implementation and experiments conducted with CloudSimSDN validate the framework's effectiveness in safeguarding sensitive information.
Cloud Computing
S. M. Hashemi; A. Sahafi; A. M. Rahmani; M. Bohlouli
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, the increased number of Internet-connected smart devices require powerful computer processing servers such as cloud and fog and necessitate fulfilling requests and services more than ever before. The geographical distance of IoT devices to fog and cloud servers have ...
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Background and Objectives: Today, the increased number of Internet-connected smart devices require powerful computer processing servers such as cloud and fog and necessitate fulfilling requests and services more than ever before. The geographical distance of IoT devices to fog and cloud servers have turned issues such as delay and energy consumption into major challenges. However, fog computing technology has emerged as a promising technology in this field.Methods: In this paper, service/energy management approaches are generally surveyed. Then, we explain our motivation for the systematic literature review procedure (SLR) and how to select the related works.Results: This paper introduces four domains of service management and energy management, including Architecture, Resource Management, Scheduling management, and Service Management. Scheduling management has been used in 38% of the papers. Therefore, they have the highest service management and energy management. Also, Resource Management is the second domain that has been able to attract about 26% of the papers in service management and energy management.Conclusion: About 81% of the fog computing papers simulated their approaches, and the others implemented their schemes using a testbed in the real environment. Furthermore, 30% of the papers presented an architecture or framework for their research, along with their research. In this systematic literature review, papers have been extracted from five valid databases, including IEEE Xplore, Wiley, Science Direct (Elsevier), Springer Link, and Taylor & Francis, from 2013 to 2022. We obtained 1596 papers related to the discussed subject. We filtered them and achieved 47 distinct studies. In the following, we analyze and discuss these studies; then we review the parameters of service quality in the papers, and ultimately, we present the benefits, drawbacks, and innovations of each study.
Distributed systems
A. Matani; A. Sahafi; A. Broumandnia
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Blockchain technology as a distributed and tamper-proof data ledger is attracting more and more attention from various fields around the world. Due to the continuously growing of the blockchain in both transaction data and the number of nodes joining the network, scalability ...
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Background and Objectives: Blockchain technology as a distributed and tamper-proof data ledger is attracting more and more attention from various fields around the world. Due to the continuously growing of the blockchain in both transaction data and the number of nodes joining the network, scalability emerges as a challenging issue. Methods: In this survey, the existing scalability solutions in the blockchain are discussed under five categories including on-chain scalability, off-chain scalability, scalable consensus mechanisms, DAG-based scalability, and horizontal scalability through sharding. Meanwhile, the novelties they have created on the fundamental layers of the blockchain architecture are investigated.Results: As a result, the advantages and disadvantages of the discussed mechanisms are pointed out, and a comparison between them in terms of different scalability metrics such as throughput, latency, bandwidth, and storage usage is presented. Therefore, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the various aspects of blockchain scalability and the available scalability solutions. Finally, the research directions and open issues in each category are argued to motivate further improvement efforts for blockchain scalability in the future.Conclusion: Scalability allows blockchain system to sustain its performance as it grows up. Lack of scalability has a negative effect on the mass adoption of the blockchain in practical environments. This paper presents a profound analysis of the existing scalability solutions, the issues and challenges they address, and the ones that are not resolved yet. Consequently, it inspires novel ideas for more scalable and efficient blockchains in the future.
